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    <meta name="description" content="JSX1const element &#x3D; &lt;h1&gt;Hello, world!&lt;&#x2F;h1&gt;  为什么使用 JSX？React 认为渲染逻辑本质上与其他 UI 逻辑内在耦合，比如，在 UI 中需要绑定处理事件、在某些时刻状态发生变化时需要通知到 UI，以及需要在 UI 中展示准备好的数据。 在 JSX 中嵌入表达式1234const name &#x3D; &amp;#x27;Josh Perez&amp;">
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            <h1 style="display: none">JSX</h1>
            
            
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                <h2 id="JSX"><a href="#JSX" class="headerlink" title="JSX"></a>JSX</h2><figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Hello, world!<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="为什么使用-JSX？"><a href="#为什么使用-JSX？" class="headerlink" title="为什么使用 JSX？"></a>为什么使用 JSX？</h3><p>React 认为渲染逻辑本质上与其他 UI 逻辑内在耦合，比如，在 UI 中需要绑定处理事件、在某些时刻状态发生变化时需要通知到 UI，以及需要在 UI 中展示准备好的数据。</p>
<h3 id="在-JSX-中嵌入表达式"><a href="#在-JSX-中嵌入表达式" class="headerlink" title="在 JSX 中嵌入表达式"></a>在 JSX 中嵌入表达式</h3><figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> name = <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;Josh Perez&#x27;</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Hello, &#123;name&#125;<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br><br><span class="hljs-title class_">ReactDOM</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">render</span>(element, <span class="hljs-variable language_">document</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">getElementById</span>(<span class="hljs-string">&#x27;root&#x27;</span>))<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">formatName</span>(<span class="hljs-params">user</span>) &#123;<br>  <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> user.<span class="hljs-property">firstName</span> + <span class="hljs-string">&#x27; &#x27;</span> + user.<span class="hljs-property">lastName</span><br>&#125;<br><br><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> user = &#123;<br>  <span class="hljs-attr">firstName</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;Harper&#x27;</span>,<br>  <span class="hljs-attr">lastName</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;Perez&#x27;</span>,<br>&#125;<br><br><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Hello, &#123;formatName(user)&#125;!<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br><br><span class="hljs-title class_">ReactDOM</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">render</span>(element, <span class="hljs-variable language_">document</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">getElementById</span>(<span class="hljs-string">&#x27;root&#x27;</span>))<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><code>为了便于阅读，我们会将 JSX 拆分为多行。同时，我们建议将内容包裹在括号中，虽然这样做不是强制要求的，但是这可以避免遇到自动插入分号陷阱。</code></p>
<h3 id="JSX-也是一个表达式"><a href="#JSX-也是一个表达式" class="headerlink" title="JSX 也是一个表达式"></a>JSX 也是一个表达式</h3><p>在编译之后，JSX 表达式会被转为普通 JavaScript 函数调用，并且对其取值后得到 JavaScript 对象。</p>
<p>也就是说，你可以在 <code>if</code> 语句和 <code>for</code> 循环的代码块中使用 JSX，将 JSX 赋值给变量，把 JSX 当作参数传入，以及从函数中返回 JSX：</p>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">getGreeting</span>(<span class="hljs-params">user</span>) &#123;<br>  <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (user) &#123;<br>    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Hello, &#123;formatName(user)&#125;!<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br>  &#125;<br>  <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Hello, Stranger.<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br>&#125;<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="JSX-特定属性"><a href="#JSX-特定属性" class="headerlink" title="JSX 特定属性"></a>JSX 特定属性</h3><p>你可以通过使用引号，来将属性值指定为字符串字面量：</p>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">div</span> <span class="hljs-attr">tabIndex</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;0&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">div</span>&gt;</span></span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>也可以使用大括号，来在属性值中插入一个 JavaScript 表达式：</p>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">img</span> <span class="hljs-attr">src</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&#123;user.avatarUrl&#125;</span>&gt;</span><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">img</span>&gt;</span></span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>在属性中嵌入 JavaScript 表达式时，不要在大括号外面加上引号。你应该仅使用引号（对于字符串值）或大括号（对于表达式）中的一个，对于同一属性不能同时使用这两种符号。</p>
<p><code>注意:</code></p>
<p><code>因为 JSX 语法上更接近 JavaScript 而不是 HTML，所以 React DOM 使用 camelCase（小驼峰命名）来定义属性的名称，而不使用 HTML 属性名称的命名约定。</code></p>
<p><code>例如，JSX 里的 class 变成了 className，而 tabindex 则变为 tabIndex。</code></p>
<h3 id="使用-JSX-指定子元素"><a href="#使用-JSX-指定子元素" class="headerlink" title="使用 JSX 指定子元素"></a>使用 JSX 指定子元素</h3><p>假如一个标签里面没有内容，你可以使用 <code>/&gt;</code> 来闭合标签，就像 XML 语法一样：</p>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">img</span> <span class="hljs-attr">src</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&#123;user.avatarUrl&#125;</span> /&gt;</span></span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>JSX 标签里能够包含很多子元素:</p>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = (<br>  <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">div</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="language-xml">    <span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span>Hello!<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="language-xml">    <span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h2</span>&gt;</span>Good to see you here.<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h2</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="language-xml">  <span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">div</span>&gt;</span></span><br>)<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="JSX-防止注入攻击"><a href="#JSX-防止注入攻击" class="headerlink" title="JSX 防止注入攻击"></a>JSX 防止注入攻击</h3><p>你可以安全地在 JSX 当中插入用户输入内容：</p>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> title = response.<span class="hljs-property">potentiallyMaliciousInput</span><br><span class="hljs-comment">// 直接使用是安全的：</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span>&#123;title&#125;<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>React DOM 在渲染所有输入内容之前，默认会进行转义。它可以确保在你的应用中，永远不会注入那些并非自己明确编写的内容。所有的内容在渲染之前都被转换成了字符串。这样可以有效地防止 <code>XSS（cross-site-scripting, 跨站脚本）</code>攻击。</p>
<h3 id="JSX-表示对象"><a href="#JSX-表示对象" class="headerlink" title="JSX 表示对象"></a>JSX 表示对象</h3><p>Babel 会把 JSX 转译成一个名为 <code>React.createElement()</code> 函数调用。</p>
<p>以下两种示例代码完全等效：</p>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="language-xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">h1</span> <span class="hljs-attr">className</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;greeting&quot;</span>&gt;</span>Hello, world!<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br><br><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = <span class="hljs-title class_">React</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">createElement</span>(<br>  <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;h1&#x27;</span>,<br>  &#123; <span class="hljs-attr">className</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;greeting&#x27;</span> &#125;,<br>  <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;Hello, world!&#x27;</span><br>)<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><code>React.createElement()</code> 会预先执行一些检查，以帮助你编写无错代码，但实际上它创建了一个这样的对象：</p>
<figure class="highlight jsx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs jsx"><span class="hljs-comment">// 注意：这是简化过的结构</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> element = &#123;<br>  <span class="hljs-attr">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;h1&#x27;</span>,<br>  <span class="hljs-attr">props</span>: &#123;<br>    <span class="hljs-attr">className</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;greeting&#x27;</span>,<br>    <span class="hljs-attr">children</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;Hello, world!&#x27;</span>,<br>  &#125;,<br>&#125;<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这些对象被称为 “React 元素”。它们描述了你希望在屏幕上看到的内容。React 通过读取这些对象，然后使用它们来构建 DOM 以及保持随时更新。</p>

                
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